linux 常用命令之 硬件查看命令

Linux 查看硬件信息的命令

  • hwinfo
  • lshw
  • lscpu
  • lspci
  • lsscsi
  • lsblk
  • df
  • fdisk
  • free
  • dmidecode

lshw -short

 lshw -shortH/W path        Device      Class      Description==================================================                            system     Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996)/0                          bus        Motherboard/0/0                        memory     96KiB BIOS/0/400                      processor  Virtual CPU 714389bda930/0/1000                     memory     512MiB System Memory/0/1000/0                   memory     512MiB DIMM RAM/0/100                      bridge     440FX - 82441FX PMC [Natoma]/0/100/1                    bridge     82371SB PIIX3 ISA [Natoma/Triton II]/0/100/1.1                  storage    82371SB PIIX3 IDE [Natoma/Triton II]/0/100/1.2                  bus        82371SB PIIX3 USB [Natoma/Triton II]/0/100/1.2/1    usb1        bus        UHCI Host Controller/0/100/1.2/1/1              input      QEMU USB Tablet/0/100/1.3                  bridge     82371AB/EB/MB PIIX4 ACPI/0/100/2                    display    GD 5446/0/100/3                    network    Virtio network device/0/100/3/0      ens3        network    Ethernet interface/0/100/4                    storage    Virtio block device/0/100/4/0      /dev/vda    disk       21GB Virtual I/O device/0/100/4/0/1    /dev/vda1   volume     19GiB EXT4 volume/0/100/5                    generic    Virtio memory balloon/0/100/5/0                  generic    Virtual I/O device/0/100/6                    generic    Virtio RNG/0/100/6/0                  generic    Virtual I/O device/0/1            scsi1       storage/0/1/0.0.0      /dev/cdrom  disk       QEMU DVD-ROM

hwinfo --short

 hwinfo --shortcpu:                       Virtual CPU 714389bda930, 2400 MHzkeyboard:  /dev/input/event1    AT Translated Set 2 keyboardmouse:  /dev/input/mice      Adomax QEMU USB Tablet  /dev/input/mice      VirtualPS/2 VMware VMMouse  /dev/input/mice      VirtualPS/2 VMware VMMousegraphics card:                       Red Hat QEMU Virtual Machinestorage:                       Floppy disk controller                       Red Hat Qemu virtual machine                       Virtio Storage 0network:  ens3                 Virtio Ethernet Card 0network interface:  ens3                 Ethernet network interface  lo                   Loopback network interfacedisk:  /dev/vda             Diskpartition:  /dev/vda1            Partitioncdrom:  /dev/sr0             QEMU DVD-ROMusb controller:                       Red Hat QEMU Virtual Machinebios:                       BIOSbridge:                       Red Hat Qemu virtual machine                       Red Hat Qemu virtual machine                       Red Hat Qemu virtual machinehub:                       Linux Foundation 1.1 root hubmemory:                       Main Memoryunknown:                       FPU                       DMA controller                       PIC                       Keyboard controller                       PS/2 Controller                       Red Hat Virtio network device                       Red Hat Virtio RNG                       Red Hat Virtio memory balloon                       Red Hat Virtio block device                       Virtio Unclassified device                       Virtio Unclassified device

lscpu

 lscpuArchitecture:        x86_64CPU op-mode(s):      32-bit, 64-bitByte Order:          Little EndianCPU(s):              1On-line CPU(s) list: 0Thread(s) per core:  1Core(s) per socket:  1Socket(s):           1NUMA node(s):        1Vendor ID:           GenuineIntelCPU family:          6Model:               60Model name:          Virtual CPU 714389bda930Stepping:            1CPU MHz:             2399.996BogoMIPS:            4799.99Hypervisor vendor:   KVMVirtualization type: fullL1d cache:           32KL1i cache:           32KL2 cache:            4096KL3 cache:            16384KNUMA node0 CPU(s):   0Flags:               fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 syscall nx rdtscp lm constant_tsc rep_good nopl xtopology cpuid pni pclmulqdq ssse3 fma cx16 pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic movbe popcnt tsc_deadline_timer aes xsave avx f16c rdrand hypervisor lahf_lm abm invpcid_single pti fsgsbase bmi1 avx2 smep bmi2 erms invpcid xsaveopt arat

lspci

 lspci00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation 440FX - 82441FX PMC [Natoma] (rev 02)00:01.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation 82371SB PIIX3 ISA [Natoma/Triton II]00:01.1 IDE interface: Intel Corporation 82371SB PIIX3 IDE [Natoma/Triton II]00:01.2 USB controller: Intel Corporation 82371SB PIIX3 USB [Natoma/Triton II] (rev 01)00:01.3 Bridge: Intel Corporation 82371AB/EB/MB PIIX4 ACPI (rev 03)00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Cirrus Logic GD 544600:03.0 Ethernet controller: Red Hat, Inc Virtio network device00:04.0 SCSI storage controller: Red Hat, Inc Virtio block device00:05.0 Unclassified device [00ff]: Red Hat, Inc Virtio memory balloon00:06.0 Unclassified device [00ff]: Red Hat, Inc Virtio RNG

lsscsi

 lsscsi[1:0:0:0]    cd/dvd  QEMU     QEMU DVD-ROM     2.5+  /dev/sr0

lsblk

 lsblkNAME   MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTsr0     11:0    1 1024M  0 romvda    252:0    0   20G  0 disk└─vda1 252:1    0   20G  0 part /

df -H

 df -HFilesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted onudev            222M     0  222M   0% /devtmpfs            51M  1.9M   49M   4% /run/dev/vda1        22G  7.7G   13G  39% /tmpfs           253M     0  253M   0% /dev/shmtmpfs           5.3M     0  5.3M   0% /run/locktmpfs           253M     0  253M   0% /sys/fs/cgrouptmpfs            51M     0   51M   0% /run/user/1000tmpfs            51M     0   51M   0% /run/user/0

fdisk -l

 fdisk -lDisk /dev/vda: 20 GiB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectorsUnits: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytesDisklabel type: dosDisk identifier: 0x28892bb4Device     Boot Start      End  Sectors Size Id Type/dev/vda1  *     2048 41942917 41940870  20G 83 Linux

free -m

 free -m              total        used        free      shared  buff/cache   availableMem:            481         208          84           1         188         252Swap:             0           0           0

dmidecode

 dmidecode -t processor# dmidecode 3.1Getting SMBIOS data from sysfs.SMBIOS 2.8 present.Handle 0x0400, DMI type 4, 42 bytesProcessor Information        Socket Designation: CPU 0        Type: Central Processor        Family: Other        Manufacturer: QEMU        ID: C1 06 03 00 FF FB 8B 07        Version: pc-i440fx-2.11        Voltage: Unknown        External Clock: Unknown        Max Speed: 2000 MHz        Current Speed: 2000 MHz        Status: Populated, Enabled        Upgrade: Other        L1 Cache Handle: Not Provided        L2 Cache Handle: Not Provided        L3 Cache Handle: Not Provided        Serial Number: Not Specified        Asset Tag: Not Specified        Part Number: Not Specified        Core Count: 1        Core Enabled: 1        Thread Count: 1        Characteristics: None
 dmidecode -t memory# dmidecode 3.1Getting SMBIOS data from sysfs.SMBIOS 2.8 present.Handle 0x1000, DMI type 16, 23 bytesPhysical Memory Array        Location: Other        Use: System Memory        Error Correction Type: Multi-bit ECC        Maximum Capacity: 512 MB        Error Information Handle: Not Provided        Number Of Devices: 1Handle 0x1100, DMI type 17, 40 bytesMemory Device        Array Handle: 0x1000        Error Information Handle: Not Provided        Total Width: Unknown        Data Width: Unknown        Size: 512 MB        Form Factor: DIMM        Set: None        Locator: DIMM 0        Bank Locator: Not Specified        Type: RAM        Type Detail: Other        Speed: Unknown        Manufacturer: QEMU        Serial Number: Not Specified        Asset Tag: Not Specified        Part Number: Not Specified        Rank: Unknown        Configured Clock Speed: Unknown        Minimum Voltage: Unknown        Maximum Voltage: Unknown        Configured Voltage: Unknown
 dmidecode -t bios# dmidecode 3.1Getting SMBIOS data from sysfs.SMBIOS 2.8 present.Handle 0x0000, DMI type 0, 24 bytesBIOS Information        Vendor: SeaBIOS        Version: rel-1.11.0-0-g63451fca13-prebuilt.qemu-project.org        Release Date: 04/01/2014        Address: 0xE8000        Runtime Size: 96 kB        ROM Size: 64 kB        Characteristics:                BIOS characteristics not supported                Targeted content distribution is supported        BIOS Revision: 0.0

cat /proc/*info

 cat /proc/cpuinfoprocessor       : 0vendor_id       : GenuineIntelcpu family      : 6model           : 60model name      : Virtual CPU 714389bda930stepping        : 1microcode       : 0x1cpu MHz         : 2399.996cache size      : 16384 KBphysical id     : 0siblings        : 1core id         : 0cpu cores       : 1apicid          : 0initial apicid  : 0fpu             : yesfpu_exception   : yescpuid level     : 13wp              : yesflags           : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 syscall nx rdtscp lm constant_tsc rep_good nopl xtopology cpuid pni pclmulqdq ssse3 fma cx16 pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic movbe popcnt tsc_deadline_timer aes xsave avx f16c rdrand hypervisor lahf_lm abm invpcid_single pti fsgsbase bmi1 avx2 smep bmi2 erms invpcid xsaveopt aratbugs            : cpu_meltdown spectre_v1 spectre_v2 spec_store_bypassbogomips        : 4799.99clflush size    : 64cache_alignment : 64address sizes   : 40 bits physical, 48 bits virtualpower management:
 cat /proc/meminfoMemTotal:         492952 kBMemFree:           80048 kBMemAvailable:     258908 kBBuffers:           13988 kBCached:           153836 kBSwapCached:            0 kBActive:           284324 kBInactive:          30576 kBActive(anon):     155100 kBInactive(anon):      148 kBActive(file):     129224 kBInactive(file):    30428 kBUnevictable:       12164 kBMlocked:           12164 kBSwapTotal:             0 kBSwapFree:              0 kBDirty:                12 kBWriteback:             0 kBAnonPages:        159260 kBMapped:            31708 kBShmem:              1860 kBSlab:              57180 kBSReclaimable:      31344 kBSUnreclaim:        25836 kBKernelStack:        2176 kBPageTables:         6564 kBNFS_Unstable:          0 kBBounce:                0 kBWritebackTmp:          0 kBCommitLimit:      246476 kBCommitted_AS:     606604 kBVmallocTotal:   34359738367 kBVmallocUsed:           0 kBVmallocChunk:          0 kBHardwareCorrupted:     0 kBAnonHugePages:         0 kBShmemHugePages:        0 kBShmemPmdMapped:        0 kBCmaTotal:              0 kBCmaFree:               0 kBHugePages_Total:       0HugePages_Free:        0HugePages_Rsvd:        0HugePages_Surp:        0Hugepagesize:       2048 kBDirectMap4k:      229232 kBDirectMap2M:      294912 kB
 cat /proc/versionLinux version 4.15.0-22-generic (buildd@lgw01-amd64-013) (gcc version 7.3.0 (Ubuntu 7.3.0-16ubuntu3)) #24-Ubuntu SMP Wed May 16 12:15:17 UTC 2018
 cat /proc/scsi/scsiAttached devices:Host: scsi1 Channel: 00 Id: 00 Lun: 00  Vendor: QEMU     Model: QEMU DVD-ROM     Rev: 2.5+  Type:   CD-ROM                           ANSI  SCSI revision: 05
 cat /proc/partitionsmajor minor  #blocks  name  11        0    1048575 sr0 252        0   20971520 vda 252        1   20970435 vda1